You’re the defensive coordinator for an NFL team playing defense. It’s 3rd down with 3 yards to go. Will you defend against a run play, or a pass play? In the long run you would be wise to defend against a pass play; since 2008, NFL teams have passed 55.27% of the time when faced with 3rd down and three yards or less to go. Researchers developed a model that is able to further predict whether a team will run or pass under similar circumstances with 76% accuracy when taking into consideration factors like the number of seconds left in the half, the score differential, the yard-line the ball is placed, and whether a team is in shotgun or not. This model does not always predict the correct play, but it would be foolish to ignore this (or similar models) when calling NFL plays. I developed a model for investing that takes into consideration factors like market valuations, credit conditions, and investor sentiment to anticipate Bearish or Bullish marke